In a medical emergency, call 999 or attend your nearest A&E. For urgent but non-emergency concerns in the UK, call NHS 111. Do not delay seeking help because of something you have read on this website.
Information only — not medical advice
All content on this website, including text about conditions, symptoms, assessment and treatment options, is provided for general information and educational purposes only. It is not intended to be, and should not be relied upon as, medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. It does not replace a personalised consultation with a suitably qualified healthcare professional.
No doctor–patient relationship
Reading this website, or contacting us through it, does not create a doctor–patient relationship. A professional relationship is only established through a formal consultation and assessment.
Individual assessment is essential
Every person and every injury is different. General information cannot account for your specific circumstances, medical history or examination findings. Symptoms described here can have many different causes, some of which may be serious. You should always seek a personalised assessment before making decisions about your health or starting, stopping or changing any treatment or exercise programme.
No guarantee of outcomes
We do not promise or guarantee any particular result or outcome. The information on this website describes general possibilities, not assurances. Responses to treatment and rehabilitation vary between individuals.
Accuracy and currency
We aim to provide accurate, evidence-informed information, and to keep it reasonably up to date. However, medical knowledge evolves, and we cannot guarantee that all content is complete, current or free from error. We are not liable for any action taken, or not taken, based on the information provided.
External links and resources
This website may link to third-party resources for convenience. We are not responsible for the content or accuracy of external websites, and a link does not imply endorsement.
When to seek urgent help
Seek urgent medical attention if you experience any of the following, among other concerning symptoms:
- Severe pain, an obvious deformity, or a suspected fracture or dislocation
- Inability to move or bear weight on an injured limb
- Numbness, pins and needles, or a cold, pale or discoloured limb
- New problems controlling your bladder or bowels, or numbness around the back passage or genitals (with back pain)
- A head injury with confusion, drowsiness or vomiting
- Chest pain, breathlessness, or a calf that is swollen, warm and painful
In these situations, call 999 or attend your nearest A&E immediately.
Questions
If you have any questions about this disclaimer, please contact us. See also our Privacy Policy and Terms & Conditions.